Monday, September 30, 2019

Freedom of Expression in India

Freedom of expression in India Our motherland is everything for us and no matter how far we are from our motherland, we feel connected to our country emotionally as well as spiritually. We enjoy and celebrate the achievements and developments of our country with pride. Whenever we notice any positive development or urbanization, we feel proud to be the part of our country. When we have the right to celebrate the achievements of our country, we also have the right to criticize the negative development and unethical activities.As the citizen of our country we have the right to vote and elect the person who we trust for the welfare of common public and the country. Any country is represented by its people and every citizen is crucial and important as we all unite together and establish a wonderful nation. When we notice that our politicians are doing something really great for our country , we reward them by reelecting them in coming elections , we make them our favorite leader and we o ften spread there songs of victory to our friends and society . The political leaders are answerable to us, there accountability and there behavior depends on there actions.We people are also bound by rules and regulations, law and order should be applicable for everyone. Law and order is impartial and genuine, the culprit gets punishment and the innocent gets rewards. Well things should be under control of law and we all have to work positively for the progress of our nation. But things become artificial when the law and order favors the influential and powerful people, besides committing thousands of mistakes the powerful culprits are not punished and on the other hand the common man is punished every single second for his one mistake.Thousands of cases of powerful businessmen and politicians are pending and files are closed with the token of money but still the common man has no right to raise his voice against corruption. The media groups and big media houses are also powerful a nd influential and they have the power to expose and disclose the corruption and the corrupt people but are they really doing justice to the common people? Well common man can be easily punished for a single remark or comment as the common man is powerless and the right of freedom of speech is snatched from his hands by the corrupt leaders who want to hear what there ears like.On the other hand the media cannot be punished easily as the politicians and the powerful business man are also dependent on media for fame and popularity. Most of the secret affairs and corruption scams are hidden from public, they should be disclosed but again it all depends on media and its working as media is greatly dominated and influenced by the powerful corrupt entities. The common man will remain a common man, he might get thousands of rights in the books but in reality he is born to suffer.

Sunday, September 29, 2019

The Customs of Marriage and the Rights of Women in Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream

It is hard to imagine in today's world that there could be or ever have been restrictions on the choice of one's spouse or the bonds of marriage. Yet history shows that only recently has the freedom to choose one's spouse become a reality, more so for women than for men. Women's rights, especially when it came to choosing a mate, were minimal. Marriages for women tended to be arranged, pre-paid, or not allowed before, during, and after the 16th century. One might wonder what rights did women have concerning marriage and how can they be seen in the play, A Midsummer Night's Dream, by William Shakespeare. According to â€Å"The Law's Resolutions of Women's Rights,† published in 1632, women were taught from birth that they were inferior to men. It was a common belief at the time that women were the â€Å"authors of original sin who lured men away from God and salvation† (Tudor Women, 2). Young women, from birth had few rights whether born into privilege or not. The women born into nobility or the upper classes such as Hermia, Helena, and Hippolyta, were given the opportunity to be educated, but mostly in the ways of housewifery such as how to manage a household, needlework, music, meal preparation, and duty to their future mate. All of these qualities were considered imperative in becoming a good wife. Very few women, even those from wealthy backgrounds, were able to become scholars. Some women were taught to read and write, but the majority remained illiterate as it was not deemed a necessary part of their education as future wives. Women's rights concerning marriage were even fewer. â€Å"Husbands of upper class girls were chosen for them by their fathers or other male relatives. Very few women of noble birth chose their own partners† (Tudor Women). Marriages were almost always arranged for political reasons, whether it was to fortify alliances, for land, money, social status, or to strengthen the bonds between two families. It was also considered foolish to marry for love. In A Midsummer Night's Dream, Shakespeare presents this very problem in the story line involving Hermia and Lysander. Hermia is in love with Lysander but her father, Egeus, demands she marry Demetrius, whom he has deemed the only man worthy of his daughter's hand. Although we know that Demetrius and Lysander are both from similar wealthy backgrounds, Demetrius has Egeus's approval for reasons we are unaware. When Lysander proclaims his love for Hermia, Egeus responds heatedly by stating, Scornful Lysander! True [Demetrius] has my love; And what is mine my love shall render him, And she is mine, and all my right of her I do estate unto Demetrius (1.1 95-98). Exercising his rights as the father leaves Hermia unable to marry the man she loves. To add to this sad affair, if she does not do as her father wishes, her father will â€Å"dispose of her, / which shall be either to this gentlemen/ Or to her death† (1.1 43-45). As the law of the land and Biblical law both stated that women and children should submit and obey their parents and husbands, it would have been highly unlikely for Hermia to have married Lysander as she did in the play. This is just one of many political and societal changes Shakespeare made in his play. Weddings during the Elizabethan time were much more time consuming and extravagant than most weddings of today. First there came the betrothal. Theseus and Hippolyta are betrothed although we know through classical history that Theseus captured Hippolyta and owned her. But readers can see that he has a deep admiration for her and we can assume that their betrothal is a somewhat happy one. According to the Compendium of Common Knowledge of Elizabethan England, the betrothal is the giving of what we know as the engagement ring to be put on the right hand. The contract is then sealed by a kiss. This same ring though also becomes the wedding ring and changes to the left hand at the wedding. Also stated in the Compendium, were the rules of the betrothal period. â€Å"The intention to marry must be announced in the church three times; that is, on three consecutive Sundays or holy days, in the same parish† (Compendium, pg 1). If this announcement is not made, then the marriage is considered â€Å"clandestine, and illegal.† Hard as it is to believe, women's rights became even fewer after marriage. According to a Homily on the State of Matrimony from the Elizabethan period states that â€Å"yee wives, be ye in subjection to obey your own husbands. As for their husbands, them must they obey, and cease from commanding, and perform subjection† (pg 4). This belief is taken directly from the Bible and was considered the ultimate rule of marriages during this time. The Homily also says to, â€Å"Let women bee subject to their husbands as to the Lorde: for the husband is the head of the woman, as Christ is the head of the Church.† Shakespeare addresses this belief in an unusual and almost satirical way through Oberon and Titania. Titania is a headstrong and independent fairy Queen who defies her husband's will. Oberon in turn, plays a deviant trick on her to make her fall in love with Bottom, a mortal turned into a donkey. The trick is played because Oberon desires a little changeling boy that Titania has obtained. Another common belief during this time was â€Å"That which the wife hath is the husband's† (Laws pg 5). As it states in The Law's Resolutions of Women's Rights, For thus it is, if before marriage the woman were possessed of horses, meat, sheep, corn, wool, money, plate, and jewels, all manner of moveable substance is presently by conjunction the husband's, to sell, keep, or bequeath if he die. And though he bequeath them not, yet are they the husband's executor's and not the wife's which brought them to her husband (Law's pg 4). As we do not know whether Titania or Oberon were married when she obtained the boy, belief was still that Oberon had the rights to the little changeling boy and not Titania, whether he was given to her or not. She was not submitting to her husband's will and therefore, was punished by being tricked into loving an ass. Throughout A Midsummer Night's Dream, Shakespeare addressed numerous political and social customs of the aristocracy. Although not much changed for the rights of women during the Elizabethan period, readers today can gain a better understanding of the time through historical documents and literary works. To be unable to marry for love, to have no choice in your mate, and to be completely submissive to your husband's every whim, had to have been depressing no matter what the customs were. A great deal has changed now since then, but in all actuality it has only been a few decades since women have been allowed so much freedom in their own lives.

Saturday, September 28, 2019

Maruti Suzuki Company Profile

Organisational Profile of Maruti Suzuki About us – Maruti Suzuki India Limited (MSIL, formerly named Maruti Udyog Limited) is a subsidiary of Suzuki Motor Corporation, Japan. MSIL has been the leader of the Indian car market for over two and a half decades. The company's two manufacturing facilities are located at Gurgaon and Manesar, south of New Delhi. Recently, the company has announced a further investment of Rs 1,700 crore (Rs 17 billion) for enhancing the production capacity by 250,000 units annually. The CAGR over two years is 27% for net sales.Nature of the Company Ownership – Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. Is a public limited company and is listed on Bombay Stock Exchange Limited and National Stock Exchange Limited. SMC is the majority shareholder with 54. 21% equity stake in the company. Shareholding Pattern of the Company – Our Vision – The Leader in the Indian Automobile Industry, Creating Customer Delight and Shareholder's Wealth; A pride of India. We believe OUR CORE VALUES drive us in every endeavor. * CUSTOMER OBSESSION * FAST, FLEXIBLE & FIRST MOVER INNOVATION & CREATIVITY * NETWORKING & PARTNERSHIP * OPENNESS & LEARNING Quest Unlimited – â€Å"After 25 years of leadership, what next? † It is not for us to predict the future. Other than to say that the Quest is unceasing. We continue on our journey, uninterrupted and without distraction, avoiding complacence and flamboyance, to explore newer frontiers, strengthen and expand partnerships, connect with the layers and layers of a still larger world and embed ourselves deeper in the lives of people. Success Mantra –Success in this business, we said, asks for â€Å"Stamina and Patience, Order and Creativity, Skills hard and soft and it needs all of them to Co-exist in the Right Proportion. † We follow the natural low of 3G – Give is the route to Get and Grow. CORPORATE INFORMATION – Board Of Directors – Mr. R. C. Bhargava, Chairman Mr. Shinzo Nakanishi, Managing Director and CEO Mr. Tsuneo Ohashi, Director and Managing Executive Officer (Production) Mr. Shuji Oishi, Director & Managing Executive Officer (Marketing & Sales) Mr. Keiichi Asai, Director & Managing Executive Officer (Engineering) Mr.Manvinder Singh Banga, Director Mr. Amal Ganguli, Director Mr. D. S. Brar, Director Mr. Osamu Suzuki, Director Ms. Pallavi Shroff, Director Mr. Kenichi Ayukawa, Director Contact us – Head Office Maruti Suzuki India Limited 1, Nelson Mandela Road, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi-110070 Board no. 46781000 Fax : 46150275-76| Gurgaon Plant Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. Gurgaon Plant Old Palam Gurgaon Road Gurgaon – 122015 Tel: (0124)   2346721| Manesar Plant Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. Manesar Plant Plot no. 1, Phase 3A IMT Manesar Gurgaon – 122051. | BUSINESS HIGHLIGHTS Company’s Snapshot – Above 50% market share in passenger cars and van type Vehicles for all 25 years * O ver 7 million cars produced & sold cumulatively * Over 500,000 cars exported cumulatively * 1st in customer satisfaction for 9 consecutive years – J D power CSI survey * One million units/ annum total capacity * Gurgaon facility – capacity 700,000 units/ annum * Manesar facility – capacity 300,000 units/annum * Over 7,600 employees on its rolls. * 681 sales outlets in 454 cities * 2767 workshops in 1314 cities * 315 pre-owned car outlets in 181 cities Recent AWARDS –India's Most Trusted Brand 2009: The Economic times Maruti Suzuki has been ranked Indian most Trusted Brand by India's leading Business newspaper The Economic Times. This prestigious accolade comes alongside company's 10-year long pole position in customer satisfaction surveys. 2000-2009: JD Power Customer Satisfaction Index Award – India The biggest draw for the past ten years has been the award for highest recognition by the customer. In 2009-10 again, for the tenth consecutive ti me, Maruti Suzuki ranked the highest in JD Power Customer Satisfaction Index.Other Accolades During 2009-10, the company, its products and services received reputed awards and accolades instituted by independent expert groups, media houses and research agencies. These include: * Ritz – Hatchback of the year * Ritz – Car of the year * Maruti Suzuki as the ‘Manufacturer of the year' by CNBC Overdrive * In the World's Most Reputed Company Survey 2009, Maruti Suzuki ranked third amongst global car companies and 49 amongst all companies across all segments. * ICSI National Award for Excellence in Corporate Governance' Products –The company has a portfolio of 13 brands and over 150 variants across Maruti 800, Omni, international brands Alto, A-star, WagonR, Swift, Ritz and Estilo, off-roader Gypsy, SUV Grand Vitara, sedans SX4 and Swift DZire and the newest entrant Eeco. Quality – A product of poor quality requires repeated inspections, entails wastage in terms of repairs and replacements. â€Å"Do it right first time†, is the principle followed to avoid wastage. To ensure quality, robots were devices and deployed especially where they reduced worker fatigue and were critical in delivering consistent quality.With consistent improvements in the plant the company was able to manufacture over 600,000 vehicles in 2006-07 with an installed capacity of just 350,000 vehicles per year. Production Management System (PMS) – PMS is derived from the basic Japanese principles of 5S, 3G and 3K. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) concepts – Maruti Suzuki has adopted a CSR policy, which serves as a guiding tool for the management and the employees in steering Maruti Suzuki towards long term sustained growth in harmony along with the interests of the stakeholder.The role of the CSR department is to professionalize CSR activities in Maruti Suzuki and strengthen the mechanisms involving the activities. Significant efforts have been taken to contribute to society at large, through its corporate activities, especially in the areas of Road Safety and Vocational Training. Maruti Suzuki has set up dedicated teams with requisite expertise to steer the social projects. Maruti Driving School – National Road Safety Mission – Driving its message for road safety, Maruti Suzuki India Limited, unveiled a National Road Safety Mission| programme in December 2008.Under the programme, the company will * Train 500,000 people in safe driving in the next 3 years across India| | * While utilizing the existing 4 Institutes of Driving Training and Research (IDTR) in Delhi, Dehradun and Vadodara and 61 Maruti Driving Schools across the country the company will enter into partnerships with state governments for more IDTRs and with its dealers for more Maruti Driving Schools * Of the 500,000 people to be trained, at least 100,000 will be people from underprivileged section of society, who are keen to take driving as a profession. The company will continue to support to government and industry in their efforts for road safety| Sustainability Approach – In line with the global environmental concerns, we have identified the following focus areas with regards to the protection of environment and resources for the future generations. * CO2 emission reduction * Energy Conservation * Water Conservation * Solid Waste Management * Material Usage and Weight reduction * Fuel EfficiencyEnvironment Friendly –Fuel Efficient K-series Engine Technology Maruti Suzuki recognizes global warming and climate changes as global issues, the effects of which are of concern both for the environment and human life. The challenge faced by the society is how to meet the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Maruti Suzuki strongly believes that an investment in environment friendly products and manufacturing facilities is in the best interest of t he society as well as the business.The last 25 years of our journey has reinforced the belief that environment friendly initiatives make products more acceptable to customers and help Maruti Suzuki grow profitably in every sphere. Since Maruti Suzuki started operations, conserving environment and natural resources has been an integral part of our systems and processes. The concept of â€Å"Reduce, Reuse, Recycle† (3R's) has been our driving principle.This three pronged strategy or the 3 R's has been promoted in all our manufacturing facilities, supply chain and logistics operations. Maruti Suzuki also follows the Philosophy of â€Å"Smaller, Fewer, Lighter, Shorter and Neater†. This Philosophy has helped Maruti Suzuki in optimal utilization of resources and cost savings. True Value Outlet – Maruti True Value is India No. 1 organized pre-owned car brand. The company's service businesses include sale and purchase of pre-owned cars (True Value) and Maruti Finance.U nique advantages   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ * India's largest certified used car dealer network * 340 outlets in 197 cities and growing * All car related services under one roof * professionally trained manpower * Complete peace of mind| | These initiatives, besides providing total mobility solutions to customers in a convenient and transparent manner, have helped improve economic viability of the company's dealerships Exports – What do countries like Poland, Finland, Iceland, Malta, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Algeria and Italy have in common?Maruti Suzuki cars ply on the roads of these countries, and what's more, they are soon becoming the fastest selling cars in those lands. Maruti Suzuki exports, entry-level models across the globe to over 100 countries and the focus has been to identify new markets. Some important markets include Latin America, Africa and South East Asia. The Company clocked its highest ever exports at 70,023 units, a growth of 32. 1% in the Fiscal Year 2008-09.

Friday, September 27, 2019

Elementary Math Questions Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Elementary Math Questions - Coursework Example They come in different shapes and forms and include algebra tiles, algebra blocks and algebra models. These different forms help support the different factors and variables, therefore, making it easier to understand the concept of algebra by use of visuals. This can be transferred easily to mathematical calculations later. There are many manipulatives that can be used in a classroom. However, the choice depends on the individual teacher and the grade level of the young learner. The manipulatives should also be easy and interesting. This is to avoid creating boredom and lack of interest for the learner. Some of the important manipulatives include counting, interlocking and rod, attribute blocks and money manipulatives. For example, I would use counting manipulatives to help learners determine missing numbers. This challenges the user to work it out and helps in quick understanding of the concept. Young elementary students should be allowed to use manipulatives both in class and during assessments. This is considering that they are the first means of helping young learners understand basic mathematics. Manipulatives should be allowed on assessments to help in evaluating the young learners ability to grasp the basic concepts. However, once these are found to be satisfactory, the younger learner should be weaned off from using them. This would help in making the learner develop mental abilities for doing calculations without their use. Set theory uses a collection of objects into sets used for objects relevant to mathematics. The theory tends to explain the inter-relationship between the objects. The way these are interchangeably arranged help learners to acquire the concept more easily. Visual presentation is important and it helps deepen the learners’ understanding. This makes it easy to do calculations later after they are no longer in use. This would be through the use of manipaulatives brought by the students or made in class out of foam sheets. The

Thursday, September 26, 2019

Marketing principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing principles - Essay Example In order to target the market successfully, the marketing department will have to compare the abilities of the company with those of its competitors, which include Global Toy plc and Fun Kids plc. This report highlights the importance of understanding market segmentation and this will improve the sales volume of Toga Toys Company. In order for Toga Toys to improve its sales volume, it will be necessary to divide the market into two separate segments, which as individual consumers and wholesale purchaser. Individual consumers are the grandparents or parents who are buying the toys for their children while wholesale purchasers may include schools and day-care centres among many other wholesale purchasers such as commercial businesses, which buy the toy products for their customers to use (Barletta 2003, p. 56). It will be good for the company to sell the toys direct to the customers instead of using the traditional methods that involves the system of distributing products to wholesalers who would sell to the retailers. Although this marketing strategy will create more work for Toga Toys, in terms of sales generation, it will yield better margins. In addition, this selling process will make the company incur extra costs in the first few years, but after developing the relationship with individual customers and wholesale purchasers, the cost of marketing per sale will decrease dramatically since the customers will be aware where to get the toys products. Understanding market segmentation is an essential aspect since it will aid in understanding the customers (p. 58). In order to sell to the customer, it will be necessary to understand first why the customers will want to purchase the toys. Market segmentation will allow for the creation of profiles off a number of different customer categories who purchase the toys. Since you are the business entrepreneur, this information will be helpful in creation of better marketing

Traditional Budget Is a Rigid Tool and Should Be Discarded In Practice Essay

Traditional Budget Is a Rigid Tool and Should Be Discarded In Practice - Essay Example The paper tells that the extensive use of budget in corporate organizations is rooted in the fact that it is a comprehensive tool for monitoring organizational activities and addressing critical factors in business. The concept of using models of a traditional budget is now under extensive debate owing to the restrictions that they impose on managers. The main proponents who describe the idea of a budget as a highly rigid one complain that discarding the budget for a corporate organization will ultimately change the organization from being a central hierarchy to a well-developed network that can more readily adjust itself to the market forces. In order to explore this argument, factors which cause researchers to challenge the concept of formal budgets in the organization are discussed. The impact of capital markets on organizations and the redundancy of the budgetary controls are to be focused. One of the biggest supports of strict budgetary controls can be found in the works of Otle y who had established that maintaining strict budgetary control is not essentially expensive for an organization. This is because; focusing strongly on the budget ultimately results in obtaining stipulated results. Others who have supported the notion of strict budget control in an organization are of the view that formal budgets are likely to perform in an efficient manner only when the external environment is relatively stable and there are no fluctuations. The business environment is no longer stable and is actually shaped by the interaction of multiple forces which are dynamic and are constantly evolving. The interactions of business organizations have increased with the capital market. Money flows from the capital markets into the projects of any organization and the project, in turn, generates income for the firm. The money that is generated by the organization is used by the firms in order to repay the loans and provide returns to the shareholders. This makes the firm liable to the capital market. The concept of creating capital budgets is related to investing of the firm’s surplus in projects which have a net present value.

Wednesday, September 25, 2019

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 13

Reflection - Essay Example As one such leader, practicing honesty in all aspects of my role is paramount. My communication and actions should show honesty. Trust is finds its base on honesty. Honest ethical leader bases his argument on facts and this facilitates employees to depend and rely on him. A leader is about a better position to practice integrity if he is honest. Integrating honesty in my leadership style entails effective reasoning through facts. Claiming that you are honest without actual practice the virtue amounts to poor leadership. Every action of an ethical leadership requires transparency and truthfulness (Reilly, Sirgy & Gorman, 2012). Transparency and accountability are indications of honesty in ethical leadership. Incorporating honesty in decision making for an ethical leader entails using the facts as the basis of reasoning. Communication of the facts to the affected parties should be through truthfulness. The action of the leader during making of such decisions should clearly point toward honesty. This makes it easier for the people on the receiving end to appreciate the decision. The second important value for me as an ethical leader is commitment. It is the dedication of an ethical leader to the organization. Commitment entails not giving up or losing focus when the situation becomes unmanageable. Commitment by an ethical leader calls for perseverance throughout the course of leadership. It is a solemn promise that you will stick to the course even during trying moments. A committed leader invests fully in the organization. The investment is in terms of emotional, mental and physical dedication. Focusing full attention and energy make exemplary committed ethical leaders. Another aspect of commitment, which is important involves being ready to sacrifice personal interests in pursuit of the organizational objectives. To instill commitment among employees in an organization, a demonstration through action by the leader is

Tuesday, September 24, 2019

EPIDEMIOLOGY and BIOSTATISTICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

EPIDEMIOLOGY and BIOSTATISTICS - Essay Example Specific Tests are required more when a rare disease in question. However for such a communicable disease, early detection is a must and hence the more sensitive test i.e Test B should be chosen. 2. Physicians practising in the general community often find that on the average chronic debilitating conditions such as multiple sclerosis or connective tissue diseases lead to less disability and fewer complications than they were led to expect from reading reports in medical literature on the natural history of these conditions. Why do you think this is the case? Ans 2. The chronic debilitating conditions mentioned in these diseases is a subjective and dependant variable concern. Multiple factors affect the incidence and complexity of the above mentioned diseases. Or it could be the case that, Medical awareness in the community is high so these conditions get cured before reaching an advance stage. Thus all this could contribute to the fact that these chronic conditions seem to occur with less disability and fewer complications than they were led to expect from reading reports in medical literature on the natural history of these conditions. 3. Surgeons at hospital A report that mortality rate at the end of one year follow up period after a coronary by-pass operation is 15%. At hospital B the surgeons report a 1-year mortality rate of only 8% after the same procedure. What would you find out before concluding that surgeons at hospital B perform the operation with greater skill? Referral Bias is an important factor to be considered while determining the skill in the above case. A might be getting more complicated disease cases. Even for the same disease, it might get a disease in a more advanced stage. Thus even for the same number of cases, the mortality rate of the two hospitals is not comparable. 4. The following table shows data from a

Monday, September 23, 2019

Homosexual Marriage Needs to Be Legalized Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Homosexual Marriage Needs to Be Legalized - Essay Example This would never have happened if Charlene and Kate were allowed to legally marry. Today, gay marriage is illegal in most states in America, and this is unconstitutional, as it is violating a fundamental right, which is marriage. The most egregious thing about the issue of denying gay marriage is that there really is not a legitimate argument put forth by the other side which would substantiate keeping an entire class of people from enjoying basic rights. For instance, consider the â€Å"slippery slope† argument. This argument states that if homosexuals were allowed to marry, then the legislatures would have to legalize marriage between man and dog, man and daughter, man and 12-year-old boy. This argument does not hold water for two major reasons – one, marriage between two homosexuals is sanctifying a consensual relationship, and all the other scenarios above would not be. And, two, perhaps most importantly, pedophilia, incest and bestiality are all illegal, probably in all fifty states. Homosexual relationships, on the other hand, are not, and cannot be due to the case of Lawrence v. Texas, a 2003 Supreme Court case which established that sodomy laws are unconstitutional. Therein lies a diffe rence – legislatures cannot be pressured to legalize marriage based upon relationships which are illegal, such as pedophilia, incest and bestiality, therefore the slippery slope argument is not legitimate. Another argument is that marriage is based upon procreation, and, since homosexuals cannot procreate, they should be denied the right to marry. This argument cannot be logically consistent, because, if the argument were to carried out to its logical conclusion, anybody and everybody who would be unable or unwilling to have children would also be denied the right to marry. Your grandmother in the nursing home who met her soul mate at the age of 86? Sorry, grandma, you can't marry because you can't have children anymore. Your sister who had ovarian cancer and had to have a hysterectomy? Sorry, sis, you can't marry either, because you are unable to have children. This is the logical extension of the ?ays can't marry because they cannot procreate argument,one that the supporter s of this argument must adopt if they are to be logically consistent. Of course, the other major argument is that homosexuality is proscribed by the Bible, but this is not a justification for denying a constitutional right. Roe v. Wade4 established this, as it states that morality is not a legitimate concern upon which to base a law that affects one's fundamental rights. And besides, if legislatures are going to start basing their laws on Biblical proscriptions, then they are going to have to outlaw drinking and getting rowdy at Sunday football games, as this would be desecrating the Sabbath, and this is an offense punishable by death according to Exodus 31:14.5 As for the argument that allowing homosexuals to marry would undermine the sanctity of marriage exhibit A to refute this argument would be Kim Kardashian. If her sham of a marriage, 72 days long, is not undermining the sanctity of the institution of marriage, then what is? Of course, it would be unfair to single her out, as there have been countless celebrities whose marriages lasted well short of a year. Not to mention Elizabeth Taylor, who was married eight times. These are just celebrities there are countless people who are not famous who are in the same predicament. Who doesn't have an uncle with five ex-wives? In short, heterosexuals

Sunday, September 22, 2019

Texting While Driving Essay Example for Free

Texting While Driving Essay Many consider that texting while driving can be very dangerous.They say that roads aren’t safe when driver’s text and drive. But in reality there wouldn’t be a difference in roads if the ban of texting while driving was enacted. In my opinion I don’t think texting while driving should be banned. I disagree with the whole concept of it. Banning texting while driving would be pointless, hard to enforce, and it isn’t the cause of increase in car accidents. One reason why texting while driving shouldn’t be banned is because it would be pointless. Drivers don’t only get distracted only by texting, but by many other things. As Balko stated in his article â€Å"There are countless other driver distractions that we’d never think of banning, from having kids in the back seat, to eating or drinking while driving to fumbling with the radio.† (Balko) The little things that people do while operating a vehicle can be more distracting than what people can imagine. Anything can happen on the roads when driving and at any time. Drivers would have to be more cautious when driving. Another reason why I disagree with the ban of texting while driving is because it isn’t possible to enforce this. In the article â€Å"Cities disagree on texting-driving ban† Ms. Gaff says â€Å"they ask ‘How can we enforce this?’† (Swartsell) Police officers will not know when a driver is texting. If banned, officers will just be given another reason to stop people. (Radley) They can’t just assume that drivers that are looking down are texting. This wouldn’t be fair to drivers. It wouldn’t make sense to be stopped based on an assumption an officer makes. Last, the increase on car accidents has nothing to do with texting while driving. In the article â€Å"Should Text Messaging While Driving Be Banned? No.† Radley states â€Å"Overall reported accidents since 1997 have dropped, too, from 6.7 million to 6 million.†Prople text and drive everyday and car accidents still decrease. Car accidents can happen depending on anything the driver is doing and or is focused on. Yes, some accidents may happen because of texting but it’s not a solid reason as to why it should be banned. Driver would just have to be more careful while texting and driving. Now I am aware as to why they would want to ban texting while driving. Car accidents that are done due to texting can be as frightening as to a drunken driving accident. Technology is taking over society, which causes so much agreement as to why they should ban texting while driving. But if they were to ban texting while driving, how does that guarantee anything to drivers? This would be exactly why I disagree with banning texting while driving. There would be no type of guarantee that if they ban this we’ll be safer. In the article â€Å"Should Text Messaging While Driving Be Banned? Yes.† McCarthy states â€Å"With the same fervor I had when I was first sworn into office in 1997, I seek common ground on issues I believe will make our country stronger and safer each and every day.† This doesn’t make me feel safe in no type of way. They are promising something to us that they have no control of. There would be no difference if texting while driving is banned or not. Pointless, hard to enforce and not causing the increase on car accidents are all reason why they shouldn’t ban texting while driving. There is no way anyone can make us feel safer if they ban texting while driving. That isn’t the only reason why car accidents are caused. So what if they ban texting while driving? I think there would be no difference.

Saturday, September 21, 2019

The Boon Or Bane Of Global Warming Environmental Sciences Essay

The Boon Or Bane Of Global Warming Environmental Sciences Essay The stratosphere ozone (o3) is a product of billions of years of the photochemical process catlalyzed by the solar radiation . The ozone screen provides a shield for living creatures by filtering out dangerous ultra-violet rays from sunlight . ultra violet radiation causes sun burn , skin cancer , cataracts and can suppress the immune system . Since 1973 it has been increasingly recognized that the ozone umbrella is being ripped off by the industrial activities of man which release chemicals like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) The main problem with the CFCs is their long life in the atmosphere ranging from 75 to 125 years . Also one molecule of CFC can destroy 1,00,000 molecules of ozone . Also rockets which take off vertically carry ozone killers (Chlorine containing chemicals and nitrogen oxides ) Eg : The American Delta booster, the authors rate it as a second ozone killer which destroys 8 million tonnes of the earth shielding gas during every take-off SOLUTION Coming to the question of stopping launchings of space ships to obviate thinning of the ozone layer , the soviet experts are of the view the problem can be tackled by taking positive steps like minimizing production of ozone-killing chemicals , banning solid fuel fired rockets , and setting international restrictions for the frequency of launches . A BRITISH ORGANIZATION , Ozone Help (OH ) has come out with a programme to produce ozone in the upper atmosphere . A solar powered machine is carried to high altitudes by balloons over the antartica , where the ozone depletion has reached its highest . This ozonator is a simple electronic unit about the size of a large microphone and generates a charge of more than 15,000 volts . When this charge is emitted into the air , it produces a significant amount of ozone by converting the oxygen of the air. GLOBAL WARMING (due to greenhouse gases ) The large scale burning of fossil fuels in modern industry and transport systems increases the concentration of greenhouse gases such as CO2 , O3 , CH4, CFC3 and N2O in the atmosphere . These greenhouse gases allow suns rays to penetrate the earth surface but retard the return flow of the infra-red radiation. Thus the suns heat would be trapped near the earths surface, raising the earths surface temperature over a period of time. Among all the gases CO2 alone plays a major role in creating greenhouse effect. There are many reasons to be cautious about accepting CO2 as the causative agent if there really is warming. This is highlighted by 2 papers published in March 2008. Scafetta and West showed that up to 69% of observed warming is from the sun and Ramanathan and Carmichael show that soot has 60% of the warming power of CO2 The fluctuations in the composition of the atmosphere and changes in the temperature over the past two lakh years can be determined by analysis of tiny air bubbles trapped in ice that has accreted year by year in arctic and Antarctic. All scenarios on global warming show that significant climate change will occur over a period of time. There are many other issues of environmental concern too like radioactive fallouts , phenomenon of acid rain , large scale deforestation and large scale use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in modern agriculture and so on . Here are some ways for the prevention of global warming Clean or replace filters on your furnace and air conditioner Cleaning a dirty air filter can save 350 pounds of carbon dioxide a year.. Do not leave appliances on standby Use the on/off function on the machine itself. A TV set thats switched on for 3 hours a day (the average time Europeans spend watching TV) and in standby mode during the remaining 21 hours uses about 40% of its energy in standby mode Plant a tree A single tree will absorb one ton of carbon dioxide over its lifetime. Shade provided by trees can also reduce your air conditioning bill by 10 to 15%. Encourage the switch to renewable energy Successfully combating global warming requires a national transition to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and biomass. These technologies are ready to be deployed more widely but there are regulatory barriers impeding them Try car sharing Need a car but dont want to buy one? Community car sharing organizations provide access to a car and your membership fee covers gas, maintenance and insurance. Is Global Warming Bad? The IPCC 2007 Reports Suggest There Will be More Losers than Winners with Warming. The IPCC process includes many unlikely scenarios. These worst-case estimates also have associated impacts, from benign to worst-case. Thus we get the 5% worst impacts that have a 5% chance of happening (a combined 0.25% likelihood) equally discussed with benign changes that are reasonable to expect. By the time summaries are written, and press releases, only the bad effects are presented.   This leads to a gross exaggeration of the problems. Global Warming Will Actually Have More Winners then Losers. Throughout the history of human life, the Earths livability has always been better when the climate has been warmer than cooler. Human populations have expanded the most when the Earth warmed and turned greener, whether during the middle ages or during the last 2 decades. Whether it is a   fish in the ocean, a shrimp in an aquaculture pond, or a bean on a   vine, it will grow faster when it is warmer, all things being equal. Humans will   be quick to take advantage of a warmer climate and to adjust if it gets too warm in an area. More crops grow where it is warm or hot than in frozen ground, and CO2 is a primary food of plants basic facts that   seem forgotten. Even now, NASA satellites show that the Earth has become 6% greener as the world has warmed over the past 20 years (In the laymans approach, ozone depletion and global warming is mostly the same thing . However if you take a closer look youll know they are completely different . Although the two are different, activities leading to one always have some impact on the other ) Read more: Difference Between Ozone Depletion and Global Warming | Difference Between | Ozone Depletion vs Global Warming http://www.differencebetween.net/science/nature/difference-between-ozone-depletion-and-global-warming/#ixzz1AiNbKbQO Facts about climate change This chart looks ominous until put into the context that the average temperature for 1901-2000 is 13.9C (57.0F), so we are talking about a change from about 13.5 to 14.3 C or 56.3 to 57. 7 F. Not only is Earths surface warming, but the troposphere the lowest level of the atmosphere, where weather occurs is heating up too, U.S. and British meteorologists reported The EPA is set to regulate greenhouse gases next year for the first time, after the Supreme Court ruled in 2007 that it could treat heat-trapping gases such as carbon dioxide as pollutants.EPA spokesman Brendan Gilfillan responded: The commonsense and transparent steps weve taken are already proving doomsayers wrong, as evidenced by the fact that 98 percent of states have stated theyre in a position to comply (times of india) Democrats established the committee in 2007, after taking control of the House. At the time, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, a Democrat, called global warming possibly the greatest challenge of our time, setting at risk our economy, environment and national security. Scientists across the globe are toiling to perfect newer sources of energy that would end reliance on fossil fuels and threat of global warming. Those at citybased National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (Neeri) have joined the pack. They have developed a process of producing biofuel from four different species of micro-algae (plants that cant be seen with naked eye). The climate is changing. The earth is warming up, and there is now overwhelming scientific consensus that it is happening .. With global warming on the increase and species and their habitats on the decrease, chances for ecosystems to adapt naturally are diminishing. Many have agreed that climate change may be one of the greatest threats facing the planet. Recent years show increasing temperatures in various regions, and/or increasing extremities in weather patterns. Climate change, in the absence of mitigation policies would in all likelihood lead to: 1 Possible disappearance of sea ice by the latter part of the 21st century 2 Increase in freqency of hot extremes, heat waves and heavy precipitation 3 Increase in tropical cyclone intensity 4 Decrease in water resources due to climate change in many semi-arid areas, such as the Mediterranean Basin, western United States, southern Africa and north-eastern Brazil. 5 Possible elimination of the Greenland ice sheet and a resulting contribution to sea level rise of about 7 metres. Without mitigation future temperatures in Greenland would compare with levels estimated for 125,000 years ago when palaeoclimate information suggests 4 to 6 m of sea level rise. 6 Approximately 20 to 30% of species assessed so far are likely to be at increased risk of extinction if increases in global average warming exceed 1.5 to 2.5 degrees C. In Africa, by 2020, between 75 and 250 million people are projected to be exposed to water stress due to climate change, and in some countries yields from rainfed agriculture could be reduced by up to 50%. The impacts of climate change would be disproportionately severe on some of the poorest regions and communities of the world. My own analysis suggests that at least 12 countries are likely to tend towards becoming failed states and communities in several other states would show potential for serious conflict due to scarcity of food,, water stress and soil degradation. UN Summit on Climate Change, 22 September 2009 STATEMENT OF DR. R. K. PACHAURI Chairman, IPCC Director General, The Energy and Resources Institute Director, Yale Climate and Energy Institute Warming of the climate system is unequivocal as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global sea level, and that Most of the observed increase in temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic GHG concentrations. In the twentieth century average global temperature increased by 0.740 C while sea level rise resulting from thermal expansion of the ocean and melting of ice across the globe amounted to 17 cms. With this increase the Maldive Islands with land surface barely a metre or two above sea level, every storm surge and major upwelling of the seas represents a major danger to life and property. But this is not all. Climate change is already resulting in an increase in the frequency, intensity and duration of floods, droughts and heat waves. Precipitation has increased significantly in eastern parts of North and South America, north ern Europe and northern and central Asia, whereas it declined in the Sahel, the Mediterranean, southern Africa and parts of south Asia. Globally the area affected by drought has increased since the 1970s If we take no action to stabilize the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, then average temperature by the end of this century would increase anywhere from 1.1 degrees to 6.4 degrees C. The world is increasing its emissions at a rate that may take us to the upper end of the range projected, which implies a total increase in these two centuries of over 7 degrees C, that is, over 12 degrees Fahrenheit. Yet between 1970 and 2004 global GHG emissions increased by 70% and carbon dioxide by 80%. We must halt this unacceptable trend. It is heartening that the G8 leaders have recognized the broad scientific view of limiting increase in global average temperature to 2 ° C. But, we have clearly specified that if temperature increase is to be limited to between 2.0 and 2.4 ° C, global emissions must peak no later than 2015. That is only six years from now. And the 2.0 ° ceiling too would lead to sea-level rise on account of thermal expansion alone of 0.4 to 1.4 meters. This increase added to the effect melting of snow and ice across the globe, could submerge several small island states and Bangladesh. CONCLUSION Like Michael Jackson said Heal the world make it a better place for you and for me and the entire human race . There are people dying if we care enough for the living , make it a better place for you and for me While this is just the tip of the iceberg, many, many issues need addressing regarding the extinction of plant and animal species, polar bears and their natural habitat and as times of india has mentioned that the lakes are heating faster than the air There are many such questions that need to be answered. .It is more important now than ever before to pull heads out of the sand and make a change for the better to our mother earth before it becomes too late. The earth is something we borrowed from our future generation hence we must do what we can in our capacity to preserve it . where the question of global warming arises it is seen as a detriment to us hence we should take measures to counter its growth or to our peril .

Friday, September 20, 2019

Cognitive View of Depressive Disorders

Cognitive View of Depressive Disorders Compare and contrast the psychoanalytic explanation with the cognitive view of depressive disorders. Freud debated that people whose requirements weren’t met during the uttered stage of psychosexual occurrence are exposed to emerging melancholy in maturity because this causes low self-respect and extreme reliance.Persons who are exceptionally reliant on another people are notably expected to arise recession after such a demise. Resentment at the death is vicarious onto the self, which influences self-respect and affects the person to re discover damage that appeared in nonage. Has frontage authority, Early harm does not constantly foretell dejection and the main flaw of Freud’s theory is the lacking firsthand support and so is neither provable nor falsifiable. As stated in this approach, gloominess is caused because of maladaptive education. The mores of operant conditioning have been realistic to clarify misery with the help of boosting and mistreatment. Lack of positive support or too much rough treatment leads towards depression. As stated by Lewinsohn (1974,) that sadness is because of decline in positive backup as a outcome of certain type of damage, e.g. redundancy, relationship breakdown. Moreover, once depressed, the person may get encouraging vibes such as kindness and devotion. In 1974 Hiroto run down three clusters of human members: such as wide open to a booming noise they couldn’t break; exposed to a rowdy noise they could stay by pressing a button; and was unable to hear a loud pitch. All candidates were then positioned in face of a rectangular pack with a knob on it and exposed to loud pitch. Unidentified to the candidates, the pitch could be switched off by affecting the grip from one side to another. The participants previously exposed to a loud pitch they couldn’t end showed experienced helplessness by failing to move the handle. Reductionist Environmentally deterministic Ignores nature Extrapolation Face validity Ecological validity Population validity Cognitive dysfunction in attribution way (attribution model of Abramson et al.’s ) and theory of self, the universe, and the expectations (Beck’s cognitive triad) have been interconnected to the growth of depression. Negative schemas develop at some stage in childhood as a result of serious interpersonal outcomes, and are started when the entity facing the same situations in upcoming life. Abramson, Seligman, and Teasdale (1978) established Seligman’s effort with the model, which visualizes how people react to failure. Abramson again with Metalsky, and Alloy (1989) presented the actual theory because they linked few significance to the focused attributions and more significance to the concept that depressed person present a general logic of hopelessness. Evans et al. (2005) also presented a prospective theory and found that females with the highest ranking for negative self-beliefs at the time of pregnancy were 60% more possible to become depressed consequently t han those at the bottom side. An upper number of stressful life events mainly precede depression. During the survey, Interviews of depressed women resulted that 61% of affected women had badly faced at least one very stressful event in her life as compared to 19% of a non-depressed normal women. Social and family support was recognized as an entity that protected from depression, only 10% of women having a close and true friend faced depression compared to 37% of the women without an warm and dear friend (Brown Harris, 1978). According to socio-cultural theorists the frequency of key depressive disorder is inclined strongly by demographic factors. Marital rank is one more important social and demographic factor. Blazer et al. (1994) noticed that individuals with divorce were high depressed than those who are married or had never been into any relation. Culture has an impact on the natural world of the symptoms experienced because people in non-Western countries state mostly physical symptoms (e.g. sleep, fatigue and disturbances), on the other hand self-blame and guilt are more common symptoms in Western countries. Throughout the whole discussion it can be observed that Freud’s’ ideas are very explicit in making a clear direction about the components to make up a human personality in different stages of life (Lanea). According to Sigmund Freud’s theory, there are two basic components of the conscious and unconscious mind. These parts contribute in identification of the self-personality by the human. Every personality has different states of mind as conscious and unconscious mind together makes interaction to develop human personality. His ideas also helped in revealing the elements dividing the human personality like id, ego and superego. The fundamental structure of human mind is actually the primary base of the human behaviors and personality in different life stages. Bibliography Lanea, Christopher. Philosophy of the unconscious: Vacillating on the scene of writing in Freuds project. Prose Studies: History, Theory, Criticism (1994): 98-129. Brown Harris, Vulnerability Factors, 1978. Blazer et al, Lifetime risk of Depression, 1994. Abramson, Metalsky, and Alloy, Hopelessness Depression, 1989. Why is the concept of disease not suitable when discussing personality disorder? Sigmund Freud is a prominent figure in psychology known as a creator of psychoanalysis i.e. analysis of the mind. He was the one who presented a complete set of theories and ideas about the personality and ultimately made composition of an interchange between the psychic structures and events within psychosexual stages of development (Gallinek). Despite his theories and ideas faced high level of criticism in terms of their circularity and gender specificity, a relative fact cannot be undermined that reflects his theories and ideas can be used to make identification of person’s personality in different life stages (Vivas). Both the Abraham Maslow and Dostoevsky have showed and given their perceptions and descriptions about concept of disease not suitable when discussing personality disorder and the needs of an individual in life and their priorities in their individual statements. However, Abraham Maslow’s idea looks more practical and realistic as the major population in the world first seeks for the necessity like food (Caldwell and Mou). It can be noted here that how the person is capable of doing anything in his life even searching for his identity or the purpose in his life, in the absence of the physical energy provided by him in the form of food. Some needs of the people hold priorities over others. The Maslows hierarchy of need place fundamental emphasis upon the need for the satisfaction of the hunger. Order of prioritization can be deemed as a basic element of the disagreement between two statements (Frankl). In order to understand how Freud’s theories and ideas are helpful for the identification of the personality in different life stages, it is necessary to understand the new way introduced by him in making analysis of the human behavior. According to him, metal energy is the basic source of devising a human behavior (Ahmed). These energies are produced by the libido, which is a part of Id and creates the energy through survival and sexual instincts. A worth noting point about his theories and ideas is that these revolves around the unconscious mind as according to him unconscious mind play a vital role in developing human behaviors and ultimately his personality (Harvard Womens Health Watch). On the other hand, when we consider the statement written by the novelist, Fyodor Dosteovsky, he gave the priority to self-actualization needs of an individual, which means search for the personal identity (Ndimunkum). His individual believes can be proved from the verses of Bible as the book gave the same idea in the place of different references representing that man does not survive only on the bread alone, but also all those things that are made available by the God for him (Coleman). The individuals accepting the teachings of Bible would be capable of reacting and sensing in the same way (Green). The another example supporting the statement of the Dostoevsky is the act of fasting that is experienced by the humans in their life, sacrificing their need of love for the sake of accomplishment of the purpose. Additionally there are number of individuals suffering from the different types of mental confusions and disorders, and in this situation, they do not give any importance to the food or diet simply because of the depression, anxiety and insecurity practiced by them (Frankl). However, both the statements can be implemented with respect to certain situations and even with the mutual integration. It can be depicted that though the priorities of the two psychologists are different, yet there are numerous activities that are used to satisfy the human needs can at the same time respond to both the priorities including food and hunger. Farming, planting and transportation activities on the one hand can provide the platform for earning money to get food for the satisfaction of hunger as well as also become an edge for the searching of the individual purpose to lead the live (Green). It is true that no man can survive without food and give reference to it over love and self-esteem, yet without a clear purpose and identification, individual would soon be bored with the life he is leading, even though he has enough food to eat. Conclusively, these needs cannot be studied in isolation as they have great significance on the quality of life of a man and upon the psychological satisfaction of him. Nothing is less important as each element in the life possess its individual place (Hessong and Weeks; Journal of human behavior) Bibliography Hessong, Robert F. and Thomas Harold Weeks. Introduction to education. Macmillan, 1987. Green, Christopher D. A Theory of Human Motivation. 2000. Classics in the History of Psychology. 20 July 2012 http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm>. Frankl, Viktor. Mans Search for Meaning. Beacon Press,, 2006. Coleman, James Kaii. Living by Bread Alone: Mans Quest for the Good Life. iUniverse, 2008. Ndimunkum, Mike Tangunu. The Greatness of America. AuthorHouse, 2009. Harvard Womens Health Watch. Psychoanalysis: Theory and treatment. Harvard Womens Health Watch (2006): 4-5. Ahmed, Sofe. Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory Oedipus complex: A critical study with reference to D. H. Lawrence’s â€Å"Sons and Lovers†. Internal journal of English and literature (2012): 60-70. Frankl, Viktor. Mans Search for Meaning. Beacon Press,, 2006. Caldwell, Linda and Shela Mou. Integrating Social Science Ecosystem Management: A National Challenge. DIANE Publishing, 1997. Vivas, Eliseo. THE LEGACY OF SIGMUND FREUD. Kenyon Review (1989): 110-118. Gallinek, M.D. Alfred. The Life and Work of Sigmund Freud. (1964): 87-91. Explain the difference between positive and negative symptoms. How do these symptoms affect the functional outcomes and quality of life for individuals with schizophrenia? The conceptualization of stress and schizophrenia along with their impact on mental and physical health of patients has gained significant importance. It is obvious that the organisms are subjected to evolutionary pressures from the environment. The ability to respond to environmental threats along with stressors has enhanced survival along with the physiological responses. Alzheimer’s disease responses to stressful situations can be the part of adaptive responses because the risks inherent in the situation (Harrell). Therefore, the paper is discussing the conceptualization of stress and immunity regarding the stress and immunity on health of patients. These aspects are discussed in the context of the counseling while discussing the consequent impacts on normal functioning abilities of patients. There are different studies contributing to the conceptualizing of Alzheimer’s disease as situations that can be considered as stressful. The taxonomy can be adopted to characterize the stressors, which has the advantage of differentiating the stressors on important dimensions namely duration and course. It further includes five categories of stressors. Acute time limited stressors involve laboratory related challenges such as public speaking (Cervantes and Castro). The brief naturalistic stressors involve a person confronting a real life challenge for short term period. In stressful event sequences, a focal event causes the emergence of a related sequential events and challenges. It is found that affected people do not know when these challenges will subside but they are aware of the fact that the challenges will subside in future. It can be said that the situation in which a body perceives a threat, series of chemical and physical responses occur. The major response is the activation of the autonomic nervous system involving a part of the nervous system that is abnormally under control. The sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system regulates the stress response while the relaxation response is controlled by parasympathetic nervous system (Hwang and Ting). The body secretes catecholamines helping in preparation of the person to fight or turn from the threat and run. The release of such hormones triggers the fight or flight response in patients. The increase in the chronic stress can affect the human body negatively as it can increase the risk for developing heart disease, asthma, arthritis, hypertension, migraine, and ulcers (Cervantes and Castro). According to experts panel report of Experimental biology 2004, it is identified that mechanisms as well as pathways through which the hormonal response to situations of schizophrenia influence functions of person social responses. These changes represent to have effects on susceptibility, onset and exacerbation of different mental as well as health diseases such as atherosclerotic, depression, multiple sclerosis and others. It is observed that stress makes interface in between endocrine hormonal and the immune system active. However, if the perception of stress represents to lie for short-term basis hormonal alterations ultimately fade away (Eisenman, Bergner and Cohen). In reference to the cases when the stressful sensory input continues it initiates dysregulation of immune system, at the same time it tends to influence the production of distinctive soluble aspects that refers to have impacts on brain. Specifically these intense responses of clients preferably linked with enhanced vulnerability in order to create a clinically considerable depression in between chronic immune stimulation. There are number of stressful situations of patients that ultimately influence immune system of client such as divorce that preferably generate chronic stress. It is observe that stress immediately affects immune system as grabbling with swirl of different negatively influencing thoughts and emotions, as there is not a surprise if immune system of patient takes a abrupt nosedive. Disease generates profound impacts on biological functions of individual, it is due to the reason that central nervous system of human body is directly associated with brain, spinal cord as well as closely functions with endocrine system that is responsible for hormonal distribution. In the similar way, stress also enhances chances of heart disease, causes blood pressure, chest pain and other heart related problems. In conclusion, there are also some other stress related issues other than heart disease that most of the depression patients represent these involves asthma, obesity, anxiety, diabetes, gastrointestinal issues, accelerated aging and most obvious is premature death. While conducting analysis it is identified that the death rate it almost 63% of patients with persistent stress in comparison with normal (Berk). However, there are number of studies that denote that there are number of ways through which people can fight against stress such as deep breathing or reframing the situation can generate higher positive responses. In the similar way, stress also make patients crave for fats and carbohydrates that cause weight gain and rises risk of diabetes. Bibliography: Berk, Jay H. Trauma and resilience during war: A look at the children and humanitarian aid workers of Bosnia. Psychoanalytic Review 85.4 (1998): 639-65. David P,Eisenman and Sharone Bergner and Ilene Cohen. A model victim: idealizing trauma wounds causes traumatic stress in person rights workers. Person Rights 4 Review (2000): 106-114. Cervantes, Richard C. and Felipe G. Castro. Stress, Coping, and Mexican American Mental Health: A Systematic Review. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 7.1 (2003): 1-73. Hwang, Wei-Chin and Julia Y. Ting. Disaggregating the effects of acculturation and acculturative stress on the mental health of Asian Americans. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 14.2 (2008): 147-154. Harrell, Shelly P. A Multidimensional Conceptualization of Racism-Related Stress: Implications for the Well-Being of People of Color. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 70.1 (2000): 42–57.

Thursday, September 19, 2019

Starbucks Organizational Behavior Essays -- Business Analysis

Starbucks Organizational Behavior A company's understanding and use of organizational behavior concepts can make or break it. Just as important, if a company ignores these same concepts, it can easily spell disaster. Starbucks intertwines and successfully uses three main organizational behavior concepts to increase the strength of the organization: organizational culture, organizational structure and motivation. The implementation of these concepts has definitely benefited the company, creating a monopoly in the United States as a coffee retailer and service company. Organizational Culture In the text, Organizational Behavior, Stephen P. Robbins defines organizational culture as, "a system of shared meaning held by members that distinguishes the organization from other organizations" (2005). Starbucks has a very strong organizational culture and strives to maintain it. Everything centers on the organizational culture within Starbucks. While being a customer service-based company and understanding that the customer satisfaction and loyalty are what will make the company profitable, Starbucks takes a different approach to customer service than other companies. By hiring employees that fit in the organizational culture (ICFAI, 2005) and treating their employees well (Lefevere, n.d.), Starbucks brings in and retains customers through their happy employees. The qualities that Starbucks hires for are "adaptability, dependability and the ability to work in a team" (ICFAI, 2005). The culture is supportive and laid back (Montana, 2005). Howard Shultz, Starbucks president and CEO, has the theory "that if you treat your employees well, they will treat your customers well" (Starbucks, 1997). In the excerpt from ‘Starbucks' Human Reso... ... website: http://www.echeat.com/essay.php?t=27282 Nelson, Bob. (2000, March 13). How Starbucks energizes its employees. bizwomen.com. Retrieved March 20, 2007, from bizjournals website: http://www.bizjournals.com/bizwomen/consultants/return_on_people/2000/03/13/column72.html NYSE Group (2007). Starbucks Corp. Retrieved March 24, 2007, from NYSE Group website: http://www.nyse.com/about/listed/lcddata.html?ticker=SBUX&fq=D&ezd=1Y&index=5 Robbins, Stephen P. (2005). Organizational behavior (11th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Pearson Education. Inc. Starbucks case study: background 1971-87; private company 1987-92. (1997). McGraw-Hill Companies. Retrieved March 20, 2007, from the McGraw-Hill Companies website: http://www.mhhe.com/business/management/thompson/11e/case/starbucks-1.html http://www.mhhe.com/business/management/thompson/11e/case/starbucks.html

Wednesday, September 18, 2019

The History of the Hard-Boiled Detective :: essays research papers

There are many sub-genres of detective fiction and hard-boiled fiction is one of them. What exactly is hard-boiled detective fiction? Hard-Boiled detective fiction is fiction that features tough, cynical, urban private eyes who expose corruption and frequently get injured in the course of their investigations (â€Å"Detective Fiction,† Literary).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hard-Boiled fiction is considered one of the more popular sub-genres of detective fiction; there have been numerous films and novels about urban detectives exposing corruption in the police force and in politics. The author credited with inventing the first successful hard-boiled story is Carroll John Daly. His character, Terry Mack, was quick to fight, was quick to shoot and he made plenty of wise-cracks (Marling). This character is what defined hard-boiled detective fiction and is the prototype for thousands of other detectives. To really understand what sets hard-boiled fiction apart from other type of detective fiction you need to know about the history of detective fiction up to when hard-boiled fiction was invented.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Characters that use logical reasoning and notice â€Å"clues† have been appearing in literature since the 6th century BC. The first appearance of a detective like character was the fox in Aesop’s fables. In one story the fox decided not to enter a hungry lion’s cave when he saw that there were many animal footprints going into the cave but none coming out (â€Å"Detective Fiction,† Literary). Another ancient detective was Daniel from the Bible. In one of the stories Daniel exposes a religious fraud by tracking the culprits’ footprints (â€Å"Detective Fiction,† Literary). In a different story Daniel uncovers a conspiracy by questioning two witnesses separately to reveal contradictions in their evidence (â€Å"Detective Fiction,† Literary).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The actual invention of detective fiction did not occur until 1841 when Edgar Allen Poe wrote The Murders in the Rue Morgue. In this novel Poe introduced Auguste Dupin, who was the main character of the story. In Poe’s story the detective was very intelligent and he had superior reasoning skills. Poe’s story set the basic plot for detective stories of that time. A crime, usually murder, is committed; a detective investigates the crime; a number of suspects are considered; the guilty party is discovered and imprisoned, killed, or allowed to escape at the conclusion (Detective Fiction,† 1 Twentieth Century).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The detective story was originally a competition between the reader and the writer. It was a game intended to challenge the intellect and stimulate though. The reader is challenged by the writer to attempt to solve the mystery with the clues provided.

Tuesday, September 17, 2019

Intro to Rh Bill Essay

Introduction: Humans are naturally born governed with laws and that’s what we call the natural law. And as we, humans grow to become more intellectual, we generated our own laws and rules to govern our lives for better quality and discipline. But sometimes, there are laws or proponents that have gained different viewpoints among us as to its necessity, value, and morality. One of these is the Reproductive Health Bill. Almost over a decade has passed since the Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines was for the first time proposed, now that the pursuance of the bill has gained its rebirth, still it has become a part of the national debate bringing about a wider division. The Reproductive Health Bill, popularly known as the RH Bill, Is this essay helpful? Upgrade your account to read more and access more than 650,000 just like it! get better grades is a Philippine bill aiming to guarantee universal access to methods and information on birth control and maternal care. While there is general agreement about its provisions on maternal and child health, there is great debate on its key proposal that the Filipino taxpayer and the private sector will fund and undertake widespread distribution of family planning devices furthermore, 81% Filipinos are Catholics, the Catholic Church exerts a strong influence in public life. Its staunch of opposition to the bill has drawn the ire of non-Catholics and Catholics alike who support the bill, and they invoke the principle of separation of church and state to stop the church. Passage or non-passage of the bill has negative implications depending on the views.

Monday, September 16, 2019

Important of cruise ships in my destination Essay

A cruise ship is a ship built for passengers,but mostly used for pleasure cruises.A cruise ship generally takes passengers on extended cruises with occasional calls in various places of interest.The cruise industry is the fastest-growing category in the leisure travel market; it plays an essential major role in the tourism sector. It is important for cruise ships to come to my destination/country because of the many benefits to be derived from such an endeavor.Cruise ship tourism generates revenue for my destination/country through tourists expending at (bars,restaurants,craft villages,shops,attractions,etc) per person head taxes and other fees.The foreign exchange from this benefit my destination/country gained greatly;it provides the government with well needed currency to support the country’s debt and to purchase goods and services from overseas.It increases the tax revenue of the government also.The taxes which are collected are used to improve the countries infrastructur e making my destination more seductive to future visitors.The cruise ship industry also produces employment for many workers at my destination.Persons are employed at the various ports where the ships dock.Jobs in restaurants,bars,hotels,entertainment facilities and more are also produced.They are also employed at tour companies,attractions, craft markets, and shops who sell to tourists.Security,transportation and farming jobs are also created.Accommodating cruise ships also allows for improvements to infrastructure such as port facilities; expansions to shipping ports allows for more greater ships to visit.Improvements are also done on public facilities.These improvements benefit my destination in the long run as they improve their overall standard and quality of life of the citizens living there.Cruise ship tourism also produces the possibility for  future stop over visitors.

Sunday, September 15, 2019

Equality And Diversity Essay

Discuss issues of equality and diversity and ways to promote inclusion with your learners. Review other points of referral available to meet the potential needs of learners. Acknowledging the student’s needs and goals whilst respecting each individual student, giving them the appropriate help and support when needed without favouritism or prejudice, will allow the student to achieve entitlement, equality, inclusivity, diversity and differentiation in a classroom. Equality and Diversity; From this, the students will be able to understand the value of themselves and others as equal individuals. It will ensure that each individual is treated fairly without prejudice and that it is their right to have access to the course. The course should therefore be open to all, regardless of their gender, race, age, religion, sexual orientation or mental or physical ability. Identifying a student’s personal needs will help them succeed within their chosen subject. This support can come from; The tutor/lecturer Supportive friends and/or family Having access to literature and the internet Some prior knowledge of the subject being taught The students needs should be identified when making initial contact with the college. This will enable potential problems to be identified and if necessary, other departments informed so that specialist advise can be given. Needs that should be identified include; Physical access or difficulties Unsupported friends/family Financial problems

Saturday, September 14, 2019

Literary Analysis of Virginia Wolfe’s, Professions for Women

Fueled by the frustration of the masculine control that dominated her era, Virginia Woolf displayed her deepest feelings of oppression in her essay â€Å"Professions for Women†. Written in 1931, â€Å"Professions for Women† shows the internal conflict many women battled fiercely with when living their everyday lives. Woolf tells a story of a figurative â€Å"Angel in the House†, which is a stereotypical woman of the Victorian era and her efforts to break free from this stereotypical template. Woolf felt that for women to show men their true potential, they must wander beyond what society expects them to be and become an individual. Virginia Woolf’s skillful utilization of metaphorical diction and repetitious phrases help present her ideals to the reader while remaining rhetorically efficient. The â€Å"Angel in the House† example was referred to in numerous occasions in â€Å"Professions for Women†. The Angel was â€Å"charming†, â€Å"sympathetic† and â€Å"sympathetic† all qualities of a stereotypical woman in the Victorian era. Woolf’s diction implied dislike towards the Angel, stating â€Å"it was she who bothered me and wasted my time and so tormented me that at last I killed her†. Yet through extensive criticism, Woolf still referred to the Angel as â€Å"pure† and spoke of her good characteristics. The Angel in the House was a good thing and a bad thing. Good because all of her qualities were quite positive and seemed like a nice person, but bad because inadvertently, all these caring characteristics were holding women back from becoming their own individual. Instead of being an independent thinker, the Angel depended on men to support her and did not hesitate to serve them. The Angel would torment Woolf, telling her â€Å"Never let anybody guess you have a mind of your own† and because of the Angel’s messages; Woolf was forced to metaphorically â€Å"kill† the Angel to be able to think for herself. The Angel encompassed everything Woolf wanted to avoid; a naive, oblivious woman who was undermined by her masculine counterparts. Virginia Woolf wanted to create a profound effect on the readers of her work and her words reflect that goal. To solidify and strengthen some of her argument, Woolf took advantage of repeating phrases. When describing the Angel Woolf states, â€Å"She was immensely charming. She was utterly unselfish. She excelled in the difficult arts of family life. She sacrificed herself daily†. Woolf chose to use repetitious phrases and anaphors to reinforce the qualities of the Angel. If Woolf had simply listed the characteristics of he Angel, the description would have been weakened and less meaningful. Woolf uses a polymerization of two strategies to emphasize her purpose in the conclusion of her work â€Å"†¦how are you going to decorate it? With whom are you going to share it, and upon what terms†? Repeating rhetorical questions supplements her argument and provokes thought within the reader, which was Woolf’s goal from the beginning. Even though it was written in a n entirely different era, â€Å"Professions for Women† has many components that can be compared to live in the 21st century. Woolf was tied between two internal personas; the stereotypical, feeble minded woman (The Angel) and an independent, intellectually skilled writer and â€Å"Professions for Women† explores her internal battle with these distinct personalities. Purposefully, Wolf wanted to show that women could be independent and relinquish themselves from the mold society created. In today’s age we must ponder within ourselves; why as a society do we feel we must create models for people to follow? Can they make groups feel inferior to others?

Friday, September 13, 2019

Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Resource Management - Essay Example The use of the World Wide Web as a medium of communication has played a key role in dissolving the national and regional boundaries. The rise of information technology has brought with it the concepts of terms like outsourcing. It has also led to people and ideas coming together closer. Despite globalization being considered as a feature that intends to convert the entire world into a single global village, it has some negative effects as well. The spread of globalization has also adversely affected the trade interests of the poorer nations. Globalization has also lead to spread of many infectious diseases which may have been quarantined if the feature was absent. The term globalization was first coined in the year 1980. Globalization since then has been cited by different people in many ways. Gordon (1995) concluded that there are three distinct and different meanings of the term â€Å"globalization†. He also stated that these three terms have separate implications and meanings for different sections of the society. The three meanings are Multi-nationalization, Internationalization and Trans-nationalization. Multi-nationalization is defined as a phenomenon in which business houses tend to locate their business units in different nations with the help of information technology aided tools like internet and e-commerce. Internationalization is a term which refers to the expansion of the businesses of a firm into different and diverse geographical regions cutting across national boundaries. Trans-Nationalization is defined as a term which is better known as strategic alliance in which two or more business organizations from diverse countr ies share their experiences and expertise to develop new services and products on a joint basis. (Ashford, NA. n.d.). He also stated the role of information technology towards bringing about globalization. Information technology has brought with it tools like internet and e-commerce which have wiped away national and regional

Thursday, September 12, 2019

Play review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Play review - Essay Example The play has two major acts and one captivating finale. The first act involves a 20-year-old woman, Sophie, deeply in love with a man named Sky and happily engaged. However, she does not have the ability to go down the aisle with her father alongside because she does not know her. This leads to her endeavor of finding out her father. The second act involves Sophie in a dilemma as to who her father is after three possible candidates show up all willing to accompany her down the aisle (Craymer 127). The performance was enchanting from the manner in which the actors brought out the plot in a sophisticated yet simple manner to understand. The way in which facial expressions of the actor playing Sophie’s role appeared was rather interesting. This is from the diverse moods that the plot offers with regard to Sophie. There were those times according to the plot when Sophie was happy and exhilarated like spending time with her fiancà © and there are those confused and sad moments where she has no idea what to do having in mind that the wedding is nearing and that she is yet to identify her real father. All these different situations were offered a rather exclusive and comprehensive approach through facial expressions and stage maintenance not only by the main cast but also by the support characters making the play exquisite. However, the manner in which the vocals of the actors were presented was rather unsatisfactory. This is from the fact that the actors did not fully explore their full potential. This is further revealed from the manner in which the cast did not change their vocal cords in relation to the specific scenes that they were acting. Some of the scenes required intonation such as the point where Sophie was angry with the three probable fathers for not being honest enough to let the real one stand out. At this point, the intonation was supposed to be high with rage but the actor taking Sophie’s role appeared

Wednesday, September 11, 2019

Agree with Mr. G. Raymond article and write 3 pages, cite the sources

Agree with Mr. G. Raymond and write 3 pages, cite the sources. 4.1DF51 - Article Example on to employ electronic documentation systems in managing data and information in hospital facilities, and this is where the challenge to its effective implementation arises. In order to accomplish a considerable level of flexibility in the data that is used in computer based record system, the classification systems of nursing are essential, but they are not sufficient enough to represent aspects of the nursing profession. In consideration of actions and decisions that nurses make, it may not be very possible to encode such processes into a computer data system that can be reproduced or reapplied anywhere else (Henry, et al, 2005). In essence, the actions taken by nurses in providing medical care, and which are encoded as interventions must be considered as critical inputs in developing computer based record systems. The function and structure of classifications systems that exist and are meant to encode interventions by nurses cannot be accurate in depicting the nature of the work that nurses do in a way that can facilitate reusing of the data. To be able to capture and electronically represent in clinical context data that reflects an encounter of a patient with a practitioner in a health care facility is a significant challenge for system developers. To be able to encode data by employing standard classification and coding and yet be able to link it to resources that are based on knowledge such as clinical guidelines, may not be an easy thing for system developers to achieve (American Nurses Association, 1991). If standardization of language for nurses will inevitably require electronic or computer documentation of patient information and data, then the first concern that must be considered is the enormous start up cost for putting in place electronic systems for recording and processing medical data. This challenge is compounded by the fact that all charts, and which are numerous, be converted into electronic format. In advent, practitioners and other

Impact of performance evaluation on employees motivation and Literature review

Impact of performance evaluation on employees motivation and productivity - Literature review Example 9 2.6 Performance Evaluation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 2.6.1 Different appraisal methods†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 2.6.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of an Appraisal†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.14 2.6.3 Limitations of Performance Appraisal†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦16 2.7 Factors that affect Productivity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦17 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......20 IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ON EMPLOYEES MOTIVATION AND PRODUCTIVITY (A Case Study) 2. Literature review 2.1 Introduction Performance evaluation is an aspect of organizational progress that facilitates productivity and innovation. Performance evaluation looks at the issues that lead to progress in the daily activities of employees. Performance evaluation links the goals and objectives of an organization with the individual actions and behavior. Organizations set standards for measuring performance evaluation against performance (Armstrong 2006). Such standards guide the daily performance of employees and give a level ground for measuring success. Performance evaluation aims at enabling employees to follow procedures and guidelines that are in line with the aims and objectives of an entity. Such conduct gets looked at by evaluating the conduct of employees alongside set organizational standards. Performance evaluation in many entities determines the punishment and reward that gets accorded to employees. This shows that individuals have to behave in a certain manner in order to realize the diverse performance measures set by their entity. Failure to obey the rules may lead to loss of job, lack of bonuses, stagnation, and demotion at the work place. This indicates that performance evaluation has the ability to influence motivation and productivity in the workplace (Waal 2007). Moreover, the human resource function uses performance evaluation as a tool of ranking the level of employees in the entity. Organizations must have the capability to objectively distinguish employees in relation to performance. This should happen to al employees in an organization. Employees who are underperforming should get the assistance and opportunity to progress. Leaving poor perf ormers in the entity sends incorrect signals to other individuals who are performing well. Successful employees should be recognized for the effort put in daily operations. Performance evaluation is a critical facet of the human resource function (Bohlander, Snell, & Sherman 2001). As a result, employees should be subjected to reasonable appraisal methods. These methods must be understandable in terms of their relevance to all individuals in the entity. This will make workers behave in a way that is pleasing to the organization. However, this does not signify that things go as intended in performance evaluation. Organizations have been blamed of not following the correct process in guiding the actions of employees. This in turn influences motivation and productivity in the organizational context (Waal 2007). In conclusion, performance evaluation has led to the success of numerous organizations. Handling performance evalu

Tuesday, September 10, 2019

Why has it proved so difficult to create an effective International Essay

Why has it proved so difficult to create an effective International Criminal Court - Essay Example It took several meetings between the superior nations such as France, US, UK, China and the Soviet Union to finally agree on the membership terms, bodies and other arrangements that would be necessary to set up the UN, and ensure that it met its international security, social and economic goals. It was officially formed in 1945 with 50 member states and five nations being permanent members and holding the veto power. By 2007, it had 192 member states (Hanhimaki, 2008). The terms and conditions initially set were to be later reviewed and maybe changed or revised, something that has never happened to date. Any decisions made on international security, economic development or social levels have to be approved by the nations holding the veto power first, directly or indirectly before being approved. This has led to power imbalance in the UN with other nations feeling sidelined and having no powers to disagree. The existence and operation of the International Criminal Court (ICC) is one of the issues being disagreed upon by member states. Disagreements surround charges taken to it and how it only handles cases from some states and not from others and especially those holding the veto power, leading to it lacking the impartiality necessary in a court of justice. Its operation therefore lacks consensus making it difficult to exist and perform its roles. The fact that the operation of the court from its inception seems to be controlled by a few members has brought about more questions than answers, and led to creation of issues of mistrust of the so called justice being sought in the court. The ICC comes in to deal with crimes that the national courts cannot be able to handle. This is because of lack of ability of a country to address the heinous criminal acts or because of the lack of a government. The national court may also lack capacity to prosecute their own cases and especially those of higher magnitude because of lack of resources or the lack of

Monday, September 9, 2019

Negotiation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Negotiation - Essay Example The functions of communication are another feature that is important within the context of the negotiation process. Facilitation of the exchange of ideas and opinions between the negotiating parties is one of the functions of communication in negotiation. The functions of communication interact with other features such as the rules and the objectives of communication to influence the achievement of the goals of the negotiation. Chronemics are a non-verbal feature of communication that interacts with the willingness and commitment of the negotiating parties to resolve their conflict. Chronemics encompass aspects such as punctuality and patience that are crucial to the successful completion of every stage of the negotiating process (Wood, 2008). Finally, intentions are an important feature of communication that can affect the direction and success of the negotiation. Intention interplays with interpretation because most negotiators assume that whatever their opponent does or says is purposive and is meant to communicate something. As such, there is need for negotiators to be fully aware of their intentions when saying or doing something in every stage of the negotiating process in order to avoid being construed inappropriately (Wood, 2008). Nicholas Anderson’s post is an insightful piece that presents quite accurate information on the modes of communication. The idea that written communication helps make up the shortcoming of verbal communication to come out as abrasive is correct because the person communicating has more room to read and correct what he or she has written wrongly. His assertion that verbal communication is the mode of communication that many people are familiar with is acceptable. However, he overlooks the idea that it takes much interest and attention to catch sadness or happiness in a person’s voice because some people do not announce these things explicitly but only imply them. Anderson’s idea on

Sunday, September 8, 2019

Evaluate the contribution that induction makes to tourism, events or Essay

Evaluate the contribution that induction makes to tourism, events or consumer- focused organisations in the UK - Essay Example â€Å" In order to reap the benefits of deep-level diversity, organizations must promote equal employment opportunity by attending to the surface characteristics of their human resource management practices† (Stockdale and Crosby, 2004) Handling diversity in the workplace is absolutely necessary as it contributes to the growth of the organization in its status. According to Anca and Vazquez (2007), a company needs to be flexible and face challenges with in order to â€Å"undertake varied roles, performing tasks in different ways and taking positions in different companies†. The importance of the equal opportunity belief gave rise to the regulation of the provision in order to weed out the discrepancies. According to Dobbin (2009), â€Å"while some firms created their own elaborate equal opportunity systems, the absence of a strong central authority with clear standards meant that others did nothing†. In order to make sure that people from outside the country also recognized and taken inside the organizations, the UK government has taken various measures and one among them is the passing of the Equality law. The simplification and tailor-made provisions of the new Equality Act speaks about the importance of employing different group people into an organization without any sort of bias.

Saturday, September 7, 2019

Network Security Planning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Network Security Planning - Research Paper Example Over the year network infrastructure has always been suffering major threats and immeasurable attacks of the data panel. The following has been established as the major threats to the network infrastructure: In order to secure network infrastructure one must secure and manage the access of such infrastructure devices. Compromising with the infrastructure devise access, compromises the management and security of the entire network. This calls for the establishment of critical and suitable controls necessary to curb unauthorized invasion to the infrastructure devices. Network infrastructure devices aims at providing a wide range and different variety of access protocols. This includes asynchronous and console connections, In addition to protocols based on remote access such as HTTP, Telnet, rlogin and SSH. Therefore, every infrastructure device should be skillfully configured and reviewed to ensure that only allowed access procedures are enhanced and that they are thoroughly protected. Enhance confidentiality of data- protect all the sensitive data stored from copying or viewing. Protect all the information in a communication channel from session hijacking, sniffing, and man in the middle attacks. Cisco safe architecture, like any other network security system, is not immune to limitations. However, it has successfully developed threat mitigation and detection programs readily available on Cisco security agents, Cisco firewalls, Cisco network admissions control, and Cisco IPS and web safety appliances. In addition, these devices alerts and generate information centrally gathered and correlated using the Cisco security monitoring, analysis and response system which recognize the source of threats, envisage the attack route, give the possible suggestions and sometimes optionally implements the response actions. The visibility of Cisco IPS reduces many instances of false positives thus allowing for dynamic quarantine impositions of unsecured